Basic functioning of a water softener

A water softening unit makes use of an ion exchange process. The water is run in the mineral tank over the water softener’s resin beads. In this way the hard minerals in the water get attached to the resin, which releases sodium into the water. The water is made soft by the replacement of the ions – mainly calcium and magnesium, with sodium or potassium. Some softeners help to remove iron content from water. Industrial water softeners collect the minerals causing hardness inside the conditioning tank, and flush them out into the drain at regular intervals. There are various categories of water softeners available in the market for industrial or commercial purposes. Some of them are steel tank – diaphragm valves softeners, FRP tank diaphragm valves softeners, steel tank top mounted valves softeners, and fiber glass tank top mounted valves softeners. Softeners can be operated either manually, in a semi automatic manner, or in a fully automatic manner. Each category of softener is rated according to the degree of hardness it can remove. An efficient water softener lasts for many years, with very little maintenance required, except filling them with softening salts such as rock salt, evaporated salt, and solar salt occasionally.

Benefits of water softening

Hard water causes minerals such as calcium and magnesium to build up on piping, water heaters, heat exchangers, and boilers. This build up brings with it expensive repairs, higher energy consumption, and clogged boiler tubes and heat exchangers. Water softening helps to remove these negative effects. Some of the places where industrial water softening equipments are used are boiler feed water, manufacturing plants, office complexes, food processing plants, laundries, restaurants, car washes, and hospitals.

Related posts:

1. Chemical and Biological Species in Drinking Waters
2. The Different Filter Systems

Our earth is covered by 71% water. Sounds like a lot doesn’t it? With so much water on this planet why be concerned about turning on the tap and using as much as we want? Well let’s take a closer look at what this 71% is really saying:

Of that 71%, the salt-water oceans and other large bodies hold approximately 97% of the total water.

Of the remaining water, 1.6% of the water is below ground in aquifers.

0.001% is in the air as vapor, clouds and precipitation.

Glaciers and polar ice caps hold 2.4%.

Land surface water such as rivers, lakes and ponds makes up only approximately 0.6%.

A very small amount of the Earth’s water is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products.

Of the available fresh water approximately 70 percent of freshwater is consumed by agriculture to produce food for all of us.

Some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability, a situation which has been called a water crisis by the United Nations.

No matter how you arrange the numbers it sounds grim doesn’t it? Perhaps. The sad fact is that for most people in the industrialized world, more than enough water passes within their grasp to meet the majority of their needs. At least the needs of their outdoor world. Sadly, for most of us in the modern world, it is all to often taken entirely for granted. We turn on the tap and expect it to be there, without so much as a thought of what it takes to get it there or from where it comes. Water, more precious than oil, fine gems or precious metals sustains life and has been attributed as a gift from both God and the gods (little “g”). It is fought over, rationed, monitored and carefully controlled. Yet seldom respected, protected or cherished.

The Scenario

Water flows through or lives to the point we seldom give a thought to it, especially after it has served the immediate purpose for which we summoned it. We take a drink from a glass filled with much more than we want to consume, drawn from a faucet that we have let run until the water is cool and afterward pour out, often more than we consume, the remainder to disappear into our sewers. We wash our vehicles on our dutifully paved driveways and watch as it runs off into the storm sewer, taking with it all that detracts from our symbol of status or pride like a loyal servant.

In our evermore health conscious world, we wash and rewash our hands, allowing the powerful solvent abilities of water to carry away all that might cause us biological harm, never giving thought to the fact that waters abilities are far from being utilized. We faithfully take our cleansing showers in order to maintain that “acceptable” level of personal hygiene and in the process run countless gallons of water down the drain until the over consuming shower reaches that “just right” temperature.

Outside, we have carefully planted and manicured expanses of high maintenance grass, watered and fertilized to that perfect look and our planting beds are filled with all of the most popular non-native and often exotic plants. Perhaps the beds were once covered with mulch, but it has long since broken down and weeds have become a familiar sight. We faithfully rely on automatic sprinkler systems to keep everything green and lush so that our piece of the world meets with the approval of all around us. The timers are set and everything comes on regular as clockwork regardless of the weather or need and much of the water gets applied to sidewalks and driveways that need it not.

We go back inside because we’re hungry. We get out lettuce and tomato’s and dutifully wash them under running water because we’re very health conscious and are concerned about pesticides left on our food. We rely on the cleansing power of water to carry away all that we wish not consume and are proud of our conscious decision to live healthier. After finishing our food, we dutifully put the few dishes and utensils we dirtied into the dish washer and turn it on because having dirty dishes sitting around is not cool. Having just come inside from being outdoors for our healthful walk, our clothes are dirty so we change and faithfully place them in the washer and turn it on so that dirty clothes don’t stack up.

We are proud of the fact that we surveyed the yard and everything is lush and green just as we expect it to be so that our neighbors will approve. But we failed to notice that one outdoor faucet is leaking and that our children failed to turn off the other one completely after playing with their water toys. Surveying the surroundings, we also failed to notice the puddles of water left at the bottom of that slope after the sprinkler system shut off. But all is green and lush. What’s the big deal? It’s just water – right?

Sound familiar? Sadly this occurrence is all to familiar in our comfortable industrialized societies anymore. All to often we have have become complacent and expectant of what has become a common commodity of our lives. But the reality is that water is not an unlimited resource and it does have its limitations. A reality that many have been made increasingly aware of through droughts, water rationing and strict management. Yet few of us have yet to come to the realization that wise use of water begins with each of us as individuals. We, as individuals are the single biggest user of water and wise use begins with us, our use, and expectations. Yes it true that industry and commerce are big users. But it is us, the individuals who use by far the most. Both in our personal lives and through our expectations in life.

Suggestions To Get Started

There is coming a day for all of us that this little appreciated, thought of and common resource is no longer a resource to be taken lightly and for some, that time has already come. Wise water use, like all green living, is not a thing to do, but rather a way of thinking that is developed over time and transformed into actions. It is not something that one can simply turn a switch, take a pill, or buy. But rather it is developed over time. Below is a list of suggestions to help get you started. Think of this like a test. How many do you do now? How many do you fail at? How many could you do?

Bathroom

When you are washing your hands, don’t let the water run while you lather.

If your shower can fill a one-gallon bucket in less than 20 seconds, then replace it with a low-flow shower-head. They’re inexpensive, easy to install, and can save your family more than 500 gallons a week.

Time your shower to keep it under 5 minutes. You’ll save up to 1000 gallons a month.

Install low-volume toilets.

Put food coloring in your toilet tank. If it seeps into the toilet bowl, you have a leak. It’s easy to fix, and you can save more than 600 gallons a month.

Plug the bathtub before turning the water on, then adjust the temperature as the tub fills up.

Turn off the water while you brush your teeth and save 4 gallons a minute. That’s 200 gallons a week for a family of four.

Make sure your toilet flapper doesn’t stick open after flushing.

Make sure there are aerators on all of your faucets. This decreases water flow and increases its effectiveness when washing hands, etc.

Install an instant water heater on your kitchen or bathroom sink so you don’t have to let the water run while it heats up. This will also reduce heating costs for your household.

Bathe your young children together.

If your toilet was installed prior to 1980, place a toilet dam, brick or bottle filled with water in your toilet tank to cut down on the amount of water used for each flush. Be sure these devices do not interfere with operating parts.

Turn the water off while you shampoo and condition your hair and you can save more than 50 gallons a week.

Turn off the water while you shave and you can save more than 50 gallons a week.

To save water and time, consider washing your face or brushing your teeth while in the shower.

Keep a bucket in the shower to catch water as it warms up or runs. Use this water to flush toilets or water plants.

Children

Teach your children to turn the faucets off tightly after each use.

Don’t buy recreational water toys that require a constant flow of water.

When the kids want to cool off, use the sprinkler in an area where your lawn needs it the most.

Garden

Plant during the spring or fall when the watering requirements are lower.

Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save hundreds of gallons of water a year.

Choose a water-efficient drip irrigation system for trees, shrubs and flowers. Watering at the roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

Water your plants deeply but less frequently to create healthier and stronger plants.

Group plants with the same watering needs together to get the most out of your watering time.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Start a compost pile. Using compost when you plant adds water-holding organic matter to the soil.

More plants die from over-watering than from under-watering. Be sure only to water plants when necessary.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Hardscape And Construction

Use porous materials for walkways and patios to keep water in your yard and prevent wasteful runoff.

Direct downspouts and other runoff towards shrubs and trees, or collect and use for your garden.

Home And Utilities

In many areas evaporative coolers are a popular form of cooling, but they require a seasonal maintenance checkup. For more efficient cooling, check your evaporative cooler annually.

Check your water meter and bill to track your water usage.

We’re more likely to notice leaky faucets indoors, but don’t forget to check outdoor faucets, pipes, and hoses for leaks.

Grab a wrench and fix that leaky faucet. It’s simple, inexpensive, and can save 140 gallons a week.

Make sure you know where your master water shut-off valve is located. This could save gallons of water and damage to your home if a pipe were to burst.

Winterize outdoor spigots when temps dip to 20 degrees F to prevent pipes from bursting or freezing.

Insulate hot water pipes so you don’t have to run as much water to get hot water to the faucet.

If you have an evaporative cooler or air conditioner, catch or direct the water drain to a flowerbed, tree, or your lawn.

Install water softening systems only when necessary. Save water and salt by running the minimum number of regenerations necessary to maintain water softness.

Listen for dripping faucets and toilets that flush themselves. Fixing a leak can save 500 gallons each month.

Have your plumber re-route your gray water to trees and gardens rather than letting it run into the sewer line. Check with your city codes, and if it isn’t allowed in your area, start a movement to get that changed.

Houseplants

If you accidentally drop ice cubes when filling your glass from the freezer, don’t throw them in the sink. Drop them in a house plant instead.

Collect the water you use for rinsing produce and reuse it to water houseplants.

When you have ice left in your cup from a take-out restaurant, don’t throw it in the trash, dump it on a plant.

Kitchen

When washing dishes by hand, don’t let the water run while rinsing. Fill one sink with wash water and the other with rinse water.

Use the garbage disposal sparingly. Compost instead and save gallons every time.

Keep a pitcher of water in the refrigerator instead of running the tap for cold drinks, so that every drop goes down you not the drain.

Wash your produce in the sink or a pan that is partially filled with water instead of running water from the tap.

When you shop for a new appliance, consider one offering cycle and load size adjustments. They are more water and energy-efficient than older appliances.

Designate one glass for your drinking water each day. This will cut down on the number of times you run your dishwasher.

Don’t use running water to thaw food.

Soak your pots and pans instead of letting the water run while you scrape them clean.

Make sure there are aerators on all of your faucets. This decreases water flow and increases its effectiveness when washing hands, etc.

Install an instant water heater on your kitchen or bathroom sink so you don’t have to let the water run while it heats up. This will also reduce heating costs for your household.

Cut back on rinsing if your dishwasher is new. Newer models clean more thoroughly than older ones.

Cook food in as little water as possible. This will also retain more of the nutrients.

Select the proper size pans for cooking. Large pans require more cooking water than may be necessary.

Throw trimmings and peelings from fruits and vegetables into your yard compost to prevent from using the garbage disposal.

Landscape

Plant during the spring or fall when the watering requirements are lower.

Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save hundreds of gallons of water a year.

Choose a water-efficient drip irrigation system for trees, shrubs and flowers. Watering at the roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

Reduce the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs, and ground cover with rock and granite mulching.

Water your plants deeply but less frequently to create healthier and stronger plants.

Group plants with the same watering needs together to get the most out of your watering time.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Next time you add or replace a flower or shrub, choose a low water use plant for year-round landscape color and save up to 550 gallons each year.

Landscape with Xeriscape trees, plants and ground covers. Call your local conservation office for more information about these water thrifty plants.

Leave lower branches on trees and shrubs and allow leaf litter to accumulate on top of the soil. This keeps the soil cooler and reduces evaporation.

More plants die from over-watering than from under-watering. Be sure only to water plants when necessary.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Laundry

Run your washing machine and dishwasher only when they are full and you could save 1000 gallons a month.

When you shop for a new appliance, consider one offering cycle and load size adjustments. They are more water and energy-efficient than older appliances.

When doing laundry, match the water level to the size of the load.

Lawns

Avoid planting turf in areas that are hard to water such as steep inclines and isolated strips along sidewalks and driveways.

Adjust your lawn mower to a higher setting. Longer grass shades root systems and holds soil moisture better than a closely clipped lawn.

Water your summer lawns one inch per week and your winter lawn one inch every two to three weeks.

Reduce the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs, and ground cover with rock and granite mulching.

Don’t water your lawn on windy days. After all, sidewalks and driveways don’t need water.

Only water your lawn when needed. You can tell this by simply walking across your lawn. If you leave footprints, it’s time to water. Consider installing moisture sensors.

When watering grass on steep slopes, use a soaker hose to prevent wasteful runoff.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Use a Tuna can or buy a rain gauge to track how much rain or irrigation your yard receives.

Use a screwdriver as a soil probe to test soil moisture. If it goes in easily, don’t water. Proper lawn watering can save thousands of gallons of water annually.

Avoid overseeding your lawn with winter grass. Once established, rye grass needs water every three to five days, whereas dormant Bermuda grass needs water only once a month.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Aerate your lawn. Punch holes in your lawn about six inches apart so water will reach the roots rather than run off the surface.

Miscellaneous

When you clean your fish tank, use the water you’ve drained on your plants. The water is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, providing you with a free and effective fertilizer.

Use a commercial car wash that recycles water.

Encourage your school system and local government to help develop and promote a water conservation ethic among children and adults.

Do one thing each day that will save water. Even if savings are small, every drop counts.

Drop that tissue in the trash instead of flushing it and save gallons every time.

Make suggestions to your employer to save water (and dollars) at work.

Support projects that use reclaimed waste-water for irrigation and other uses.

Encourage your friends and neighbors to be part of a water-conscious community.

Pick-up the phone and report significant water losses from broken pipes, open hydrants and errant sprinklers to the property owner or your water management district.

Outside Cleaning

Use a broom instead of a hose to clean your driveway or sidewalk and save 80 gallons or more of water every time.

Wash your car on the grass. This will water your lawn at the same time.

Use a hose nozzle and turn off the water while you wash your car and save more than 100 gallons.

Patio And Pool

Install covers on pools and spas and check for leaks around your pumps.

Periodically check your pool for leaks if you have an automatic refilling device.

Avoid installing ornamental water features and fountains that spray water into the air. Trickling or cascading fountains lose less water to evaporation.

Use a grease pencil to mark the water level of your pool at the skimmer. Check the mark 24 hours later. Your pool should lose no more than 1/4 inch each day.

Make sure your swimming pools, fountains, and ponds are equipped with recirculating pumps.

When back-washing your pool, consider using the water on your landscaping.

For hanging baskets, planters and pots, place ice cubes under the moss or dirt to give your plants a cool drink of water and help eliminate water overflow.

Regardless of size, when you drain the pool, use the water for the lawn and landscape plants. Concerned about chlorine and other pool chemicals? Leave the pool open for a few days and add a circulation pump (like a fountain pump) to circulate and agitate the water. The chlorine and other pool chemicals will naturally dissipate so the water can be safely used.

Pets

When you give your pet fresh water, don’t throw the old water down the drain. Use it to water your trees or shrubs.

Bathe your pets outdoors in an area in need of water.

Sprinklers

Check your sprinkler system frequently and adjust sprinklers so only your lawn is watered and not the house, sidewalk, or street.

Minimize evaporation by watering during the early morning hours, when temperatures are cooler and winds are lighter.

Divide your watering cycle into shorter periods to reduce runoff and allow for better absorption every time you water.

Use the sprinkler for larger areas of grass. Water small patches by hand to avoid waste.

Remember to check your sprinkler system valves periodically for leaks and keep the heads in good shape.

Install a rain shut-off device on your automatic sprinklers to eliminate unnecessary watering.

Teach your family how to shut off your automatic watering systems. Turn sprinklers off if the system is malfunctioning or when a storm is approaching.

Set a kitchen timer when watering your lawn or garden with a hose.

Use sprinklers that throw big drops of water close to the ground. Smaller drops of water and mist often evaporate before they hit the ground.

Adjust your watering schedule to the season. Summer lawns need watering less frequently than spring and fall lawns and winter lawns even less.

Travel

While staying in a hotel or even at home, consider reusing your towels.

Grey Water

Grey water is a term not heard much today, but older people will no doubt understand what it is. It basically means any water that is not fit for human consumption, but not no biologically hazardous to humans. In simpler terms, bath, laundry and dish water are all classified as “grey water”. Toilet water is not, and should only go into the public sewer or septic system. In days gone by, before governments wanted to control every facet of our lives, grey water was treated separately from toilet water. It was considered “reusable water” and routed differently from “sewer water”. Now, in the alleged interest of public safety, all “non-potable” water is routed to our public sewer or septic systems.

The truth is that grey water poses no threat to humans and in fact surrounded us, partially as in hand or dish washing, or entirely, as in a bath at some point in its life. This water can normally be reused to water lawns and gardens without harm to either plants, animals or humans. In fact, the soaps found in normal grey water is often an effective insect deterrent. The only potential harm would come from the additives that we have grown accustomed to having in our shampoos and soaps. These come in the form of fragrances, conditioners, colorings, etc. These things quite often may be desirable to us, but are not necessary in the products they come in. In fact, some have proven potentially harmful. But we still want the results regardless of the cost and manufacturers will spend countless millions of dollars annually to make us think they are a magic ingredient that will transform our lives.

In the days before chemicals, most soaps were forms of lye soap (even for bathing), which left little or no scent or conditioners, etc. These were applied afterward in the form or plant-based scents and other homemade recipes. In many studies and surveys, the results of these old methods were equal, or superior to any chemically induced results seen today and posed little potential harm to users, manufacturers or the environment. So effective were these, that many manufacturers are now attempting to go back to these simple products, but in a chemical way.

Consider using unscented products and those with the least amount of conditioners, colorings, etc. While perhaps not as convenient, these can be applied or used after we bathe, etc. if we feel they are absolutely necessary. Often, the end results of using less toxic products (or none at all) after we bathe are far superior to the results obtained by using the products with the additives included. The environment will certainly benefit from it.

Conclusion

Ours is a world of convenience. A convenience that one day may be a luxury we can not afford. As demands on our water resources increase along with the cost of producing it, feeding our vanity and convenience may become totally impractical. It is already irresponsible for all of us and unattainable for many. But change will not come come quickly or easily. It will require a dedicated effort of many small steps by all of us in order to become water efficient and wise consumers of this resource. What are you willing to do to become “water wise” and a responsible steward of this precious commodity? Are you willing to start taking those small steps toward water efficiency or are you one of the millions who will wait until you are forced to do so?  Will you be a part of the cure, or a part of the problem that our children and children’s children will have to face and correct? The choice is yours and mine. Choose wisely.

Related posts:

1. Water, Water Everywhere – Water Conservation Is Everyone’s Business
2. How to Save Water in Your Home
3. Water Saving Tips

You can protect you and your family from almost every possible pollutant contained in many city water systems by using a drinking water filter system. Pollutants such as chlorine rust and sediment, prescription drugs, and yes, even human feces! Why would you want to take the chance of these things coming into your home via your water supply?

Chlorine is used by many municipal water treatments plants to prevent microspical germs that may be lurking in your water pipes. Chlorine is definitely not something you want to be drinking, as it has been associated with many health problems and can cause dry skin. It is also very bad for your hair. Have you ever noticed how many swimmers have problems with their hair due to the chlorine content in the water?

Water is the most important element to human life along with air. It’s a fact that our water supply is becoming more polluted every day. It’s now essential that you and your family have a safe clean source of pure water to drink, cook and bathe in. Having a drinking water filter system is a must have item for the health of you and your family. Bottled water is very expensive. On a per gallon basis, bottled water cost more than a gallon of gas! So having a drinking water filter system will also save you big money! This is one area you do not want to neglect when it comes to the health of you or your family.

Related posts:

1. Drinking Water Filters: What’s in Your Water May Shock You!
2. Pure Drinking Water – Its Not What You Think
3. Not All Drinking Water Filters are Created Equal. What You Really Need to Know

Reverse osmosis is the most expensive choice in drinking water filters    for home use.  They use them in large industries and public treatment facilities.  In certain situations, they are the right choice for the home, but most of us can do without them.

There best application is desalination, but without additional steps, the water is still not safe to drink.

The more reasonably priced drinking water filter    systems reach a top price of around $420.00.  They are typically some form of carbon filtration, combined with a micron filter and some sort of stage to balance mineral content and pH levels.
 
Practically the same drinking water filters can be purchased for less than $150.  The difference is mark-up.  Buying directly from the factory that manufactures the drinking water filter will save you hundreds of dollars.

 
For less than $150 and a dime a day, you can get one of the top ten rated drinking water filters, in the world.  These units are designed to sit on your counter, next to your sink.  They are more effective and less likely to leak than the units that screw directly onto the faucet.

There is typically an option to switch from filtered to unfiltered, in case you want to extend the filter life by doing dishes or washing vegetables in unfiltered water.  For cooking though, you will enjoy better tasting healthier foods, if you turn the drinking water filter to the “on” position.

You may be tempted by the really low priced drinking water filters that retail around $40.  We thought they might be a good reasonably priced alternative for a family on a budget.  We found that there were several problems.

Most are really chlorine filters, not purifiers.  Many harmful contaminants, such as THMs and VOCs, which have been linked to cancer, will not be blocked by the cheap models.  In some, the toxic metal lead is not removed.  Lead contamination is a big problem in many cities.  Not because the treatment facility isn’t doing their job, but because the pipes that run into the house are old.

Bacterial cysts are another type of contaminant that a cheaper drinking water filter cannot remove.  They can cause parasitic infections in the gastrointestinal tract and have been know to cause death in children, the elderly and people with a compromised immune system.

If that’s not enough, cheap drinking water filters cost more to use.  On average more than 20 cents per day, as opposed to the 10 cents per day that is available.  You see, they get you by charging a lower price initially, but then charging more for replacement filtration cartridges.  Or, the cartridge has a very short lifespan.  Either way, you end up spending more in the long run.

Related posts:

1. Drinking Water Filters: What’s in Your Water May Shock You!
2. Having a Drinking Water Filter System is No Longer a Luxury, It’s a Must!
3. Why Choose a Drinking Water Fountain?

You throw open the bay windows, taking in the expanse of benevolent blue skies, your magnificent garden bursting with Daffodils and Tiger Lilies, the wild ducks luxuriating just beyond in the shimmering pond, beneath a ring of White Oaks and Sugar Maples.

You take in a deep breath of fresh air -

Then, you’re rolling on your Persian rug, gagging uncontrollably…

The aroma of your splendid natural setting hits you with all the power and putrescence of a toxic waste dump.

What’s the problem?

This is Westchester. Not some 4th-world village with shallow roadside trenches filled with human excreta.

Then, you remember, just before purchasing your dream house, a friend suggested to check the condition of the septic tank.

What Is It?

A typical septic tank has a volume of 750-1500 gallons, and may be made of concrete, steel, or fiberglass. They are watertight chambers that promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria for the biological decomposition of sewage, and the separation of grease and organic particles from the wastewater. Septic tanks are constructed with baffles or sanitary tees to prevent the flow-through of floating solids, and to minimize the possibility of the raw sewage from leaving the tank, and disturbing the settled sludge and floating scum.

A septic system combines a septic tank and a leaching system. The leaching system may include leach lines, leach beds, or seepage pits. Drywells are another term for seepage pits, with the distinction being that they typically handle no sewage and simply re-direct storm water into the ground. Sometimes the term “cesspool” is used, but it’s actually archaic. There are a few cesspools manufactured, but they don’t permit the flow-through of septic tanks, and are only used for temporary purposes.

In terms of modern plumbing, waste from your home enters and exits the top portion of the buried septic tank. In the interim, the bacteria in the tank’s liquid environment do their work by breaking down solids into a liquid called effluent. Effluent exits the tank, next enters the leaching system, before finally seeping back into the ground.

When You Need a Plumber

If you begin detecting unwelcome odors, find yourself sinking into soggy and lushly green areas in your lawn, or suddenly discover a fetid backup in your sink, shower, or bathtub, the chances are your septic tank’s leaching system has failed.

Septic tanks can suffer structural damage or deteriorate over time. Most problems are created by blockages in the plumbing or leaching systems, or the pipe running between your home and the tank. Minor obstructions can be solved with household plumbing equipment, but serious ones require a plumber.

Over time, tree roots can also enter the drainpipes choking off the refuse. Also, the soil surrounding the leaching system can become clogged, and when all the sludge and scum is not periodically removed from the tank, they’re transported out into the absorption field.

Benefits

Aside from unclogging pipes, repairing leaching systems, or replacing severely damaged septic tanks, an experienced plumber will know how to find your tank if you don’t even know where it is.

Your general contractor should have provided you with a plot plan, indicating the septic system’s whereabouts. But if you’ve somehow lost or misplaced the records, and can’t obtain them from your city or county’s heath department, a savvy plumber will zone in on your septic tank by probing the ground with a metal rod to locate the pipeline. Or, he’ll follow the pipeline from the house by listening to the noise a metal snake making final contact with the tank inlet. Water probes are another method he might utilize to locate a tank that’s gone M.I.A.

Risks

Don’t buy a septic tank that’s too small for your house. Larger units have many advantages including longer detention times, permit better separation, and less carry-over of scum and sludge. These factors prolong the life of the subsurface leach lines, leach beds, and seepage pits. Yes, larger tanks are more expensive, but require less frequent cleaning, and allow for future home expansion.

Cess Pool History 101

The Romans were innovators in sewage control, most notably with the cloaca maxima, circa 800 BC. These open drains carried away storm water, but designed in such a way that the rains also flushed away piles of excrement and household rubbish thrown into the streets. These Roman sewer geniuses also developed the cesspool, the forerunner of a modern-day septic tank. Sewage flowed into a large stone vat, where heavy solids settled to the bottom, and lighter particles floated to the top. The partially cleaned liquid was drained into a river or the sea. The collected sludge was then used as fertilizer or buried.

Related posts:

1. Green Plumbing – Rainwater Harvesting and Tanks, Grey Water and Solar Hotwater Sytems – Melbourne, Australia
2. Tanks and their uses
3. Rainwater Tanks The Way To The Future

2. Mop up the Mess
As soon as you have turned off the water, the leak will need to be cleaned up. Remove as much water as you can with a mop, rags, or towels, until there is no water visible in the leak area. This needs to be done as soon as is possible because water can soak into floors, ceilings, and walls very quickly.

3. Dry Completely
After you’ve removed most of the water, play it safe and ventilate the damaged area. Open doors and windows around the house to let some air flow through. You can also put some stand-up or sitting fans in front of the leak area for a few hours to make sure it’s all dry.

4. Check Surrounding Areas
After you’ve taken care of the immediate area, look around to make sure no other area is affected. Water has a way of getting around without being seen. If the leak occurred upstairs, go downstairs and check your ceilings and walls.

5. Check Ventilation
The best way to prevent leaks from the roof (from melted ice dams or heavy rain) or another room upstairs is by having proper ventilation. Make sure the soffit is properly ventilated; with holes all down the side. Even after a leak has occurred, checking and updating your ventilation will help keep fresh air in the room and prevent mold and/or decay.

6. Install Leak Detection System
One easy way to prevent water damage is to install a water leak detection system. This system will alert you when a leak in your home is detected, saving you possible thousands the first time it works. Some systems even shut off all the water in your home automatically when a leak is detected, giving you peace of mind when you’re away from home.

7. Call a Specialist
After you’ve done all you can yourself for the water leak, call a specialist to come and take a look at the effected area. If the leak was small and easy to manage, don’t bother, but if the leak was large and may have sunk into the floors or walls then it is important to make sure damage isn’t still being done to your home.

Related posts:

1. Hazardous Flood Water Can Damage If Food Is Involved
2. Water Saving Tips
3. Creating a Water Savings Plan for the Household

Our earth is covered by 71% water. Sounds like a lot doesn’t it? With so much water on this planet why be concerned about turning on the tap and using as much as we want? Well let’s take a closer look at what this 71% is really saying:

Of that 71%, the salt-water oceans and other large bodies hold approximately 97% of the total water.

Of the remaining water, 1.6% of the water is below ground in aquifers.

0.001% is in the air as vapor, clouds and precipitation.

Glaciers and polar ice caps hold 2.4%.

Land surface water such as rivers, lakes and ponds makes up only approximately 0.6%.

A very small amount of the Earth’s water is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products.

Of the available fresh water approximately 70 percent of freshwater is consumed by agriculture to produce food for all of us.

Some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability, a situation which has been called a water crisis by the United Nations.

No matter how you arrange the numbers it sounds grim doesn’t it? Perhaps. The sad fact is that for most people in the industrialized world, more than enough water passes within their grasp to meet the majority of their needs. At least the needs of their outdoor world. Sadly, for most of us in the modern world, it is all to often taken entirely for granted. We turn on the tap and expect it to be there, without so much as a thought of what it takes to get it there or from where it comes. Water, more precious than oil, fine gems or precious metals sustains life and has been attributed as a gift from both God and the gods (little “g”). It is fought over, rationed, monitored and carefully controlled. Yet seldom respected, protected or cherished.

The Scenario

Water flows through or lives to the point we seldom give a thought to it, especially after it has served the immediate purpose for which we summoned it. We take a drink from a glass filled with much more than we want to consume, drawn from a faucet that we have let run until the water is cool and afterward pour out, often more than we consume, the remainder to disappear into our sewers. We wash our vehicles on our dutifully paved driveways and watch as it runs off into the storm sewer, taking with it all that detracts from our symbol of status or pride like a loyal servant.

In our evermore health conscious world, we wash and rewash our hands, allowing the powerful solvent abilities of water to carry away all that might cause us biological harm, never giving thought to the fact that waters abilities are far from being utilized. We faithfully take our cleansing showers in order to maintain that “acceptable” level of personal hygiene and in the process run countless gallons of water down the drain until the over consuming shower reaches that “just right” temperature.

Outside, we have carefully planted and manicured expanses of high maintenance grass, watered and fertilized to that perfect look and our planting beds are filled with all of the most popular non-native and often exotic plants. Perhaps the beds were once covered with mulch, but it has long since broken down and weeds have become a familiar sight. We faithfully rely on automatic sprinkler systems to keep everything green and lush so that our piece of the world meets with the approval of all around us. The timers are set and everything comes on regular as clockwork regardless of the weather or need and much of the water gets applied to sidewalks and driveways that need it not.

We go back inside because we’re hungry. We get out lettuce and tomato’s and dutifully wash them under running water because we’re very health conscious and are concerned about pesticides left on our food. We rely on the cleansing power of water to carry away all that we wish not consume and are proud of our conscious decision to live healthier. After finishing our food, we dutifully put the few dishes and utensils we dirtied into the dish washer and turn it on because having dirty dishes sitting around is not cool. Having just come inside from being outdoors for our healthful walk, our clothes are dirty so we change and faithfully place them in the washer and turn it on so that dirty clothes don’t stack up.

We are proud of the fact that we surveyed the yard and everything is lush and green just as we expect it to be so that our neighbors will approve. But we failed to notice that one outdoor faucet is leaking and that our children failed to turn off the other one completely after playing with their water toys. Surveying the surroundings, we also failed to notice the puddles of water left at the bottom of that slope after the sprinkler system shut off. But all is green and lush. What’s the big deal? It’s just water – right?

Sound familiar? Sadly this occurrence is all to familiar in our comfortable industrialized societies anymore. All to often we have have become complacent and expectant of what has become a common commodity of our lives. But the reality is that water is not an unlimited resource and it does have its limitations. A reality that many have been made increasingly aware of through droughts, water rationing and strict management. Yet few of us have yet to come to the realization that wise use of water begins with each of us as individuals. We, as individuals are the single biggest user of water and wise use begins with us, our use, and expectations. Yes it true that industry and commerce are big users. But it is us, the individuals who use by far the most. Both in our personal lives and through our expectations in life.

Suggestions To Get Started

There is coming a day for all of us that this little appreciated, thought of and common resource is no longer a resource to be taken lightly and for some, that time has already come. Wise water use, like all green living, is not a thing to do, but rather a way of thinking that is developed over time and transformed into actions. It is not something that one can simply turn a switch, take a pill, or buy. But rather it is developed over time. Below is a list of suggestions to help get you started. Think of this like a test. How many do you do now? How many do you fail at? How many could you do?

Bathroom

When you are washing your hands, don’t let the water run while you lather.

If your shower can fill a one-gallon bucket in less than 20 seconds, then replace it with a low-flow shower-head. They’re inexpensive, easy to install, and can save your family more than 500 gallons a week.

Time your shower to keep it under 5 minutes. You’ll save up to 1000 gallons a month.

Install low-volume toilets.

Put food coloring in your toilet tank. If it seeps into the toilet bowl, you have a leak. It’s easy to fix, and you can save more than 600 gallons a month.

Plug the bathtub before turning the water on, then adjust the temperature as the tub fills up.

Turn off the water while you brush your teeth and save 4 gallons a minute. That’s 200 gallons a week for a family of four.

Make sure your toilet flapper doesn’t stick open after flushing.

Make sure there are aerators on all of your faucets. This decreases water flow and increases its effectiveness when washing hands, etc.

Install an instant water heater on your kitchen or bathroom sink so you don’t have to let the water run while it heats up. This will also reduce heating costs for your household.

Bathe your young children together.

If your toilet was installed prior to 1980, place a toilet dam, brick or bottle filled with water in your toilet tank to cut down on the amount of water used for each flush. Be sure these devices do not interfere with operating parts.

Turn the water off while you shampoo and condition your hair and you can save more than 50 gallons a week.

Turn off the water while you shave and you can save more than 50 gallons a week.

To save water and time, consider washing your face or brushing your teeth while in the shower.

Keep a bucket in the shower to catch water as it warms up or runs. Use this water to flush toilets or water plants.

Children

Teach your children to turn the faucets off tightly after each use.

Don’t buy recreational water toys that require a constant flow of water.

When the kids want to cool off, use the sprinkler in an area where your lawn needs it the most.

Garden

Plant during the spring or fall when the watering requirements are lower.

Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save hundreds of gallons of water a year.

Choose a water-efficient drip irrigation system for trees, shrubs and flowers. Watering at the roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

Water your plants deeply but less frequently to create healthier and stronger plants.

Group plants with the same watering needs together to get the most out of your watering time.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Start a compost pile. Using compost when you plant adds water-holding organic matter to the soil.

More plants die from over-watering than from under-watering. Be sure only to water plants when necessary.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Hardscape And Construction

Use porous materials for walkways and patios to keep water in your yard and prevent wasteful runoff.

Direct downspouts and other runoff towards shrubs and trees, or collect and use for your garden.

Home And Utilities

In many areas evaporative coolers are a popular form of cooling, but they require a seasonal maintenance checkup. For more efficient cooling, check your evaporative cooler annually.

Check your water meter and bill to track your water usage.

We’re more likely to notice leaky faucets indoors, but don’t forget to check outdoor faucets, pipes, and hoses for leaks.

Grab a wrench and fix that leaky faucet. It’s simple, inexpensive, and can save 140 gallons a week.

Make sure you know where your master water shut-off valve is located. This could save gallons of water and damage to your home if a pipe were to burst.

Winterize outdoor spigots when temps dip to 20 degrees F to prevent pipes from bursting or freezing.

Insulate hot water pipes so you don’t have to run as much water to get hot water to the faucet.

If you have an evaporative cooler or air conditioner, catch or direct the water drain to a flowerbed, tree, or your lawn.

Install water softening systems only when necessary. Save water and salt by running the minimum number of regenerations necessary to maintain water softness.

Listen for dripping faucets and toilets that flush themselves. Fixing a leak can save 500 gallons each month.

Have your plumber re-route your gray water to trees and gardens rather than letting it run into the sewer line. Check with your city codes, and if it isn’t allowed in your area, start a movement to get that changed.

Houseplants

If you accidentally drop ice cubes when filling your glass from the freezer, don’t throw them in the sink. Drop them in a house plant instead.

Collect the water you use for rinsing produce and reuse it to water houseplants.

When you have ice left in your cup from a take-out restaurant, don’t throw it in the trash, dump it on a plant.

Kitchen

When washing dishes by hand, don’t let the water run while rinsing. Fill one sink with wash water and the other with rinse water.

Use the garbage disposal sparingly. Compost instead and save gallons every time.

Keep a pitcher of water in the refrigerator instead of running the tap for cold drinks, so that every drop goes down you not the drain.

Wash your produce in the sink or a pan that is partially filled with water instead of running water from the tap.

When you shop for a new appliance, consider one offering cycle and load size adjustments. They are more water and energy-efficient than older appliances.

Designate one glass for your drinking water each day. This will cut down on the number of times you run your dishwasher.

Don’t use running water to thaw food.

Soak your pots and pans instead of letting the water run while you scrape them clean.

Make sure there are aerators on all of your faucets. This decreases water flow and increases its effectiveness when washing hands, etc.

Install an instant water heater on your kitchen or bathroom sink so you don’t have to let the water run while it heats up. This will also reduce heating costs for your household.

Cut back on rinsing if your dishwasher is new. Newer models clean more thoroughly than older ones.

Cook food in as little water as possible. This will also retain more of the nutrients.

Select the proper size pans for cooking. Large pans require more cooking water than may be necessary.

Throw trimmings and peelings from fruits and vegetables into your yard compost to prevent from using the garbage disposal.

Landscape

Plant during the spring or fall when the watering requirements are lower.

Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save hundreds of gallons of water a year.

Choose a water-efficient drip irrigation system for trees, shrubs and flowers. Watering at the roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

Reduce the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs, and ground cover with rock and granite mulching.

Water your plants deeply but less frequently to create healthier and stronger plants.

Group plants with the same watering needs together to get the most out of your watering time.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Next time you add or replace a flower or shrub, choose a low water use plant for year-round landscape color and save up to 550 gallons each year.

Landscape with Xeriscape trees, plants and ground covers. Call your local conservation office for more information about these water thrifty plants.

Leave lower branches on trees and shrubs and allow leaf litter to accumulate on top of the soil. This keeps the soil cooler and reduces evaporation.

More plants die from over-watering than from under-watering. Be sure only to water plants when necessary.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Laundry

Run your washing machine and dishwasher only when they are full and you could save 1000 gallons a month.

When you shop for a new appliance, consider one offering cycle and load size adjustments. They are more water and energy-efficient than older appliances.

When doing laundry, match the water level to the size of the load.

Lawns

Avoid planting turf in areas that are hard to water such as steep inclines and isolated strips along sidewalks and driveways.

Adjust your lawn mower to a higher setting. Longer grass shades root systems and holds soil moisture better than a closely clipped lawn.

Water your summer lawns one inch per week and your winter lawn one inch every two to three weeks.

Reduce the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs, and ground cover with rock and granite mulching.

Don’t water your lawn on windy days. After all, sidewalks and driveways don’t need water.

Only water your lawn when needed. You can tell this by simply walking across your lawn. If you leave footprints, it’s time to water. Consider installing moisture sensors.

When watering grass on steep slopes, use a soaker hose to prevent wasteful runoff.

Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other plants for nutrients, light, and water.

While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption. Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

Use a Tuna can or buy a rain gauge to track how much rain or irrigation your yard receives.

Use a screwdriver as a soil probe to test soil moisture. If it goes in easily, don’t water. Proper lawn watering can save thousands of gallons of water annually.

Avoid overseeding your lawn with winter grass. Once established, rye grass needs water every three to five days, whereas dormant Bermuda grass needs water only once a month.

Water only as rapidly as the soil can absorb the water.

Aerate your lawn. Punch holes in your lawn about six inches apart so water will reach the roots rather than run off the surface.

Miscellaneous

When you clean your fish tank, use the water you’ve drained on your plants. The water is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, providing you with a free and effective fertilizer.

Use a commercial car wash that recycles water.

Encourage your school system and local government to help develop and promote a water conservation ethic among children and adults.

Do one thing each day that will save water. Even if savings are small, every drop counts.

Drop that tissue in the trash instead of flushing it and save gallons every time.

Make suggestions to your employer to save water (and dollars) at work.

Support projects that use reclaimed waste-water for irrigation and other uses.

Encourage your friends and neighbors to be part of a water-conscious community.

Pick-up the phone and report significant water losses from broken pipes, open hydrants and errant sprinklers to the property owner or your water management district.

Outside Cleaning

Use a broom instead of a hose to clean your driveway or sidewalk and save 80 gallons or more of water every time.

Wash your car on the grass. This will water your lawn at the same time.

Use a hose nozzle and turn off the water while you wash your car and save more than 100 gallons.

Patio And Pool

Install covers on pools and spas and check for leaks around your pumps.

Periodically check your pool for leaks if you have an automatic refilling device.

Avoid installing ornamental water features and fountains that spray water into the air. Trickling or cascading fountains lose less water to evaporation.

Use a grease pencil to mark the water level of your pool at the skimmer. Check the mark 24 hours later. Your pool should lose no more than 1/4 inch each day.

Make sure your swimming pools, fountains, and ponds are equipped with recirculating pumps.

When back-washing your pool, consider using the water on your landscaping.

For hanging baskets, planters and pots, place ice cubes under the moss or dirt to give your plants a cool drink of water and help eliminate water overflow.

Regardless of size, when you drain the pool, use the water for the lawn and landscape plants. Concerned about chlorine and other pool chemicals? Leave the pool open for a few days and add a circulation pump (like a fountain pump) to circulate and agitate the water. The chlorine and other pool chemicals will naturally dissipate so the water can be safely used.

Pets

When you give your pet fresh water, don’t throw the old water down the drain. Use it to water your trees or shrubs.

Bathe your pets outdoors in an area in need of water.

Sprinklers

Check your sprinkler system frequently and adjust sprinklers so only your lawn is watered and not the house, sidewalk, or street.

Minimize evaporation by watering during the early morning hours, when temperatures are cooler and winds are lighter.

Divide your watering cycle into shorter periods to reduce runoff and allow for better absorption every time you water.

Use the sprinkler for larger areas of grass. Water small patches by hand to avoid waste.

Remember to check your sprinkler system valves periodically for leaks and keep the heads in good shape.

Install a rain shut-off device on your automatic sprinklers to eliminate unnecessary watering.

Teach your family how to shut off your automatic watering systems. Turn sprinklers off if the system is malfunctioning or when a storm is approaching.

Set a kitchen timer when watering your lawn or garden with a hose.

Use sprinklers that throw big drops of water close to the ground. Smaller drops of water and mist often evaporate before they hit the ground.

Adjust your watering schedule to the season. Summer lawns need watering less frequently than spring and fall lawns and winter lawns even less.

Travel

While staying in a hotel or even at home, consider reusing your towels.

Grey Water

Grey water is a term not heard much today, but older people will no doubt understand what it is. It basically means any water that is not fit for human consumption, but not no biologically hazardous to humans. In simpler terms, bath, laundry and dish water are all classified as “grey water”. Toilet water is not, and should only go into the public sewer or septic system. In days gone by, before governments wanted to control every facet of our lives, grey water was treated separately from toilet water. It was considered “reusable water” and routed differently from “sewer water”. Now, in the alleged interest of public safety, all “non-potable” water is routed to our public sewer or septic systems.

The truth is that grey water poses no threat to humans and in fact surrounded us, partially as in hand or dish washing, or entirely, as in a bath at some point in its life. This water can normally be reused to water lawns and gardens without harm to either plants, animals or humans. In fact, the soaps found in normal grey water is often an effective insect deterrent. The only potential harm would come from the additives that we have grown accustomed to having in our shampoos and soaps. These come in the form of fragrances, conditioners, colorings, etc. These things quite often may be desirable to us, but are not necessary in the products they come in. In fact, some have proven potentially harmful. But we still want the results regardless of the cost and manufacturers will spend countless millions of dollars annually to make us think they are a magic ingredient that will transform our lives.

In the days before chemicals, most soaps were forms of lye soap (even for bathing), which left little or no scent or conditioners, etc. These were applied afterward in the form or plant-based scents and other homemade recipes. In many studies and surveys, the results of these old methods were equal, or superior to any chemically induced results seen today and posed little potential harm to users, manufacturers or the environment. So effective were these, that many manufacturers are now attempting to go back to these simple products, but in a chemical way.

Consider using unscented products and those with the least amount of conditioners, colorings, etc. While perhaps not as convenient, these can be applied or used after we bathe, etc. if we feel they are absolutely necessary. Often, the end results of using less toxic products (or none at all) after we bathe are far superior to the results obtained by using the products with the additives included. The environment will certainly benefit from it.

Conclusion

Ours is a world of convenience. A convenience that one day may be a luxury we can not afford. As demands on our water resources increase along with the cost of producing it, feeding our vanity and convenience may become totally impractical. It is already irresponsible for all of us and unattainable for many. But change will not come come quickly or easily. It will require a dedicated effort of many small steps by all of us in order to become water efficient and wise consumers of this resource. What are you willing to do to become “water wise” and a responsible steward of this precious commodity? Are you willing to start taking those small steps toward water efficiency or are you one of the millions who will wait until you are forced to do so?  Will you be a part of the cure, or a part of the problem that our children and children’s children will have to face and correct? The choice is yours and mine. Choose wisely.

Related posts:

1. Water, Water Everywhere – Water Conservation Is Everyone’s Business
2. How to Save Water in Your Home
3. Water Saving Tips

Well I have two 55 gallon rain barrels in my garden that are connected to one downspout that is serviced by about 250 square feet of roof area. As a consequence it only takes 0.7 inches of rainfall to fill both of those rain barrels. Now imagine if I only had one rain barrel attached to the downspout. It would then only require 0.35 inches of rainfall to fill the rain barrel. So if I was to get 1 inch of rain I could collect only 35% of that rainwater while 65% would be wasted and that’s of course assuming the rain barrel was empty to start off with. If I was to get more than 1 inch then even more would be wasted.

So the question needs to be asked; Are rain barrels practical and are they worth installing, considering most of the rainwater they harvest ends up going straight down the overflow? Well if you work on the theory that harvesting some is better than harvesting none then I suppose that’s ok, but wouldn’t it be better again if there was a way to harvest it all?

Well the answer to that question is, yes. Quite simply all you have to do is to attach some irrigation pipe to the overflow and then direct the rainwater to different parts of the garden to slowly soak into the soil. Many gardeners overlook the fact that one of the best places they can store excess rainwater is in the soil for their plants to make use of at their leisure. By doing this they are taking advantage of all of the rainwater their rain barrel diverter directs to their rain barrel and the best thing about it is, it’s so easy to do. All it really takes in to attach some irrigation pipe to the overflow of your rain barrel, route it through your garden, drill some holes in it where you want the water to go and then cover it with mulch. How easy is that?

This is a really easy solution to take advantage of all the rainwater you rain barrel collects. But the question still needs to asked, is this the best way? Recently I was on a rainwater harvesting forum where the question was posed by a member who was very serious about rainwater harvesting.

Are rain barrels for second use and are they impractical? When I read this I thought, this is a very good point and I must say I tend to agree.

Diverting rainwater from the overflow of you rain barrel directly to your garden is definitely more effective that diverting it somewhere where it will be wasted. But wouldn’t it be better again if your rain barrels were a part of a larger rainwater collection system? After all the main limitation of a rain barrel is that it fills quite quickly and then overflows, but imagine if you could divert water to a larger rainwater tank after the rain barrel was full. Then you could store the water for use later which is an even better option than diverting it straight into the soil.

So as far as rain barrels being impractical I would have to agree but only if they are installed so they don’t take advantage of the excess rainwater that overflows and is wasted. As far as them being second use I would also have to agree as larger rainwater tanks are definitely more efficient at storing more of the precious rainwater that falls on your roof.  At the end of the day though, rain barrels can be used to harvest rainwater from a downspout that doesn’t have access to a larger rainwater tank so when used for this purpose they can perform a very important second use.

Rain Barrels these days are becoming more popular but only because people are now becoming much greener. They are an item that has been around for many, many years but unfortunately never really become as popular as they should or could be, mainly because they haven’t been the most efficient means of harvesting and storing rainwater.

Having the knowledge to make your rain barrel more efficient is what can make all the difference. So if you’re considering attaching a rain barrel diverter to a downspout to collect rainwater then go ahead and direct the overflow to your garden. It’s a great way to start.

Related posts:

1. Collecting And Using Water When It Rains
2. Rain, Rain, Come Again
3. Rain Water Harvesting System

Recently, the interest in rainwater harvesting has grown. People around the world are aware of how important it is to store the surface runoff water to meet the demand for this precious and natural resource by the growing world population.

The technique that has been highlighted again is that of rain water harvesting. This technique is not new and people have been effectively storing rain water down the ages, in fact right from biblical times.

Here in Australia we have only just recently come out of an extended drought period with many parts still suffering the economic and environmental effects. The effect of the drought in rural areas has filtered down to the urban areas with many of Australia’s capital cities now affected by strict water restrictions.

Water restrictions are now something every home owner will have to get accustomed to as population growth and global warming stretch our ever precious water reserves.

A few years ago many local governments introduced a water tank rebate which still continues today. The government is constantly reviewing the rebate and are set to announce a revises rebate soon, which will greatly benefit the consumer.

The rebate was introduced to try to encourage the consumer to take responsibility for their own non essential use of potable water. It is far easier and cheaper for the government to make everyone get rain water tanks than for them to build new dams, not to mention better for our environment and not flooding so much precious land and forests and altering the natural flow of rivers.

There are now regulations in place for new developments to install water tanks as part of their basic requirements and in some states local authorities have introduced regulations for pool owners.

In some areas you have to install a rainwater tank if you build a new pool as a top up supply to combat evaporation.

The introduction of the water tank rebates sparked a boom in the rainwater tank industry with many now global warming conscious people jumping on the environmental band wagon and installing a water tank. This has seen a huge rise in water tank manufacturing companies on the east coast of Australia trying to cope with the demand driven by the new urban market.

The water tanks market has now been flooded with tanks and under cutting within the market is now prevalent. Great for the consumer but not for struggling manufactures. Many manufacturers and resellers have now closed the doors due to too much competition but all the low prices experienced by consumers over the past few years are set to rise with fuel and raw material prices rising dramatically over the last few months.

If you are contemplating investing in water tank now is the time to act and do some research. Put it off for too long and you will be paying allot more very soon.

Many of the major manufactures have been warning of price increases soon. When it will happen is anyones

guess, but when one company takes the first set the others will be sure to follow.

Related posts:

1. Rainwater Tanks The Way To The Future
2. The Rapid Rise Of Poly Rainwater Tanks
3. Overcome the Problem of Water Scarcity

Water Fountains also known as Drinking Water Fountains are designed to provide drinking water in much the same way as the more familiar water cooler. Connected to the mains water supply Water Fountains have a basin arrangement with a Tap or Bubbler that dispenses either continuously running water or water on demand.

Popular in areas of high usage such as sports centres, colleges and schools the fountains are typically made from stainless steel and may incorporate carbon filters to remove taste and bad odours from the mains water, they may also include a chilling system to reduce the water temperature.

All water fountains are fitted with some type of waste system which either allows gravity to get rid of the superfluous water, or a pumped waste system which may be used when the fountain is situated some way from adequate drainage.

What are the Benefits of a Water Fountain over a Bottled Water Cooler?

With their basins, waste systems and robust stainless steel bodywork Water Fountains are ideal for high usage areas such as corridors in schools and sports centres.

Although the systems can be perceived as being unattractive when compared to some bottled water coolers or plumbed in machines the systems themselves are very functional, they do not require bottled delivery or even much maintenance and may be left unsupervised as they are robust enough to handle some misuse.

Most Drinking Fountains today are fitted with a carbon based filter and a coil on coil chilling system allowing the system to dispense a continuous supply of fresh tasting chilled water, something that most water coolers are unable to achieve as these machines tend to be fed from a tank.

Most fountains can dispense up to 25 litres of chilled water per hour those systems with a pumped waste system can (because of the higher disposal capacity) dispenses up to 50 litres of chilled water per hour.

Why Drinking Water Fountains are the best choice for Schools

Recent research has shown that children aren’t drinking enough water at school as access to water in schools is often quite poor. Water can help prevent the tiredness and irritability often associated with dehydration and can improve a pupils concentration levels. The answer in many cases is to provide your school with water fountains or some type of water cooler.

Bottled water coolers are not the best choice for schools as the cost of the bottled delivery is prohibitive, in addition to this it isn’t desirable for delivery people to be regularly dropping off bottles within the school grounds. The bottles also tend to take up room and use up valuable storage space which is at a premium in any school. The benefits of plumbed in water systems to schools include:

» A constant supply of water when and where your pupils and staff need it

» No need to change heavy bottles

» No bottle delivery

» No need to store the bottles

» Substantial savings on the cost of running a bottle fed system

All water systems including bottled systems require some maintenance in terms of regular sanitisation and filter changes. Plumbed in units such as fountains also require installation but this is relatively simple for anyone with good DIY skills, and as all schools have a Caretaker on staff to install and maintain the machine it would seem sensible to opt for this type of system over a bottled cooler where possible.

There are a growing number of websites that offer water fountains for sale rather than as a rental only option. Direct purchase is preferable to those schools who don’t want to be tied into an onerous rental contract that require continual monthly payments.

Should I choose a Freestanding Fountain a Wall Mounted Fountain or a Sink?

Most fountains today are available as either freestanding or wall mounted units, they both work in the same way as each other but capacities may vary between the two types of system. Some websites also stock stainless steel bubbler sinks which are ideal if you are on a limited budget as they have no chilling system, they also require no maintenance other than an occasional clean.

Some schools may require a shorter wall mounted unit but site it on the floor to ensure that small children can access the water.

If you want the cheapest possible fountain that requires no maintenance other than an occasional clean you can opt for a wall mounted stainless steel sink.

Can I Install a Water Fountain Outside?

Lots of people ask about fitting a drinking water fountain outside and while this can be possible we would never recommend that you do this with a normal fountain fitted with a chilling system. Many manufacturers are now constructing machines that don’t chill the water and also there are a range of wall mounted sinks which are ideal for outdoor use.

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